Migration of charged molecules, usually in a porous supporting medium like agarose gel, such that each protein zone is sharply separated from neighboring zones by a protein-free area. Zones are visualized by staining with a protein-specific stain to produce an electropherogram that is then scanned and quantified using a densitometer. The support medium can also be handled after drying and kept as a permanent record. This is the most commonly applied technique in clinical chemistry and is used to separate proteins in serum, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), other physiological fluids, erythrocytes and tissue, and nucleic acids in various tissue cells.
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